Cannot change the environment variable












4















WHAT I AM USING




  • zsh

  • MacOS Mojave 14.10


WHAT I WANT TO DO



$ echo $USERNAME

myusername

$ export USERNAME=newvalue

$ echo $USERNAME

newvalue


WHAT IS HAPPENING



$ echo $USERNAME

myusername

$ export USERNAME=newvalue

$ echo $USERNAME

myusername


WHAT I TRIED



Tried to set USERNAME in .bashrc, .zshrc, .profile and nothing changes...



Tried to unset and reset and nothing changes...






osx zsh environment-variables







share|improve this question

























  • This variable is readonly and you can change it by switching user

    – Romeo Ninov
    Nov 22 '18 at 15:26











  • The weird thing is I am quite sure that I was able to change it, then I had probably messed up with something..

    – Riccardo Persiani
    Nov 22 '18 at 15:27











  • Do you see readonly USERNAME or declare -r USERNAME anywhere? Either of those would mark a variable as read-only.

    – telcoM
    Nov 22 '18 at 15:29






  • 1





    This is not a variable that is set by default on macOS. Are you setting it yourself somewhere?

    – Kusalananda
    Nov 22 '18 at 15:38






  • 2





    what does typeset -p USERNAME say?

    – mosvy
    Nov 22 '18 at 15:38
















4















WHAT I AM USING




  • zsh

  • MacOS Mojave 14.10


WHAT I WANT TO DO



$ echo $USERNAME

myusername

$ export USERNAME=newvalue

$ echo $USERNAME

newvalue


WHAT IS HAPPENING



$ echo $USERNAME

myusername

$ export USERNAME=newvalue

$ echo $USERNAME

myusername


WHAT I TRIED



Tried to set USERNAME in .bashrc, .zshrc, .profile and nothing changes...



Tried to unset and reset and nothing changes...






osx zsh environment-variables







share|improve this question

























  • This variable is readonly and you can change it by switching user

    – Romeo Ninov
    Nov 22 '18 at 15:26











  • The weird thing is I am quite sure that I was able to change it, then I had probably messed up with something..

    – Riccardo Persiani
    Nov 22 '18 at 15:27











  • Do you see readonly USERNAME or declare -r USERNAME anywhere? Either of those would mark a variable as read-only.

    – telcoM
    Nov 22 '18 at 15:29






  • 1





    This is not a variable that is set by default on macOS. Are you setting it yourself somewhere?

    – Kusalananda
    Nov 22 '18 at 15:38






  • 2





    what does typeset -p USERNAME say?

    – mosvy
    Nov 22 '18 at 15:38














4












4








4








WHAT I AM USING




  • zsh

  • MacOS Mojave 14.10


WHAT I WANT TO DO



$ echo $USERNAME

myusername

$ export USERNAME=newvalue

$ echo $USERNAME

newvalue


WHAT IS HAPPENING



$ echo $USERNAME

myusername

$ export USERNAME=newvalue

$ echo $USERNAME

myusername


WHAT I TRIED



Tried to set USERNAME in .bashrc, .zshrc, .profile and nothing changes...



Tried to unset and reset and nothing changes...






osx zsh environment-variables







share|improve this question
















WHAT I AM USING




  • zsh

  • MacOS Mojave 14.10


WHAT I WANT TO DO



$ echo $USERNAME

myusername

$ export USERNAME=newvalue

$ echo $USERNAME

newvalue


WHAT IS HAPPENING



$ echo $USERNAME

myusername

$ export USERNAME=newvalue

$ echo $USERNAME

myusername


WHAT I TRIED



Tried to set USERNAME in .bashrc, .zshrc, .profile and nothing changes...



Tried to unset and reset and nothing changes...






osx zsh environment-variables




osx zsh environment-variables






share|improve this question















share|improve this question













share|improve this question




share|improve this question








edited Nov 22 '18 at 16:36







Riccardo Persiani

















asked Nov 22 '18 at 15:17









Riccardo PersianiRiccardo Persiani

1235




1235













  • This variable is readonly and you can change it by switching user

    – Romeo Ninov
    Nov 22 '18 at 15:26











  • The weird thing is I am quite sure that I was able to change it, then I had probably messed up with something..

    – Riccardo Persiani
    Nov 22 '18 at 15:27











  • Do you see readonly USERNAME or declare -r USERNAME anywhere? Either of those would mark a variable as read-only.

    – telcoM
    Nov 22 '18 at 15:29






  • 1





    This is not a variable that is set by default on macOS. Are you setting it yourself somewhere?

    – Kusalananda
    Nov 22 '18 at 15:38






  • 2





    what does typeset -p USERNAME say?

    – mosvy
    Nov 22 '18 at 15:38



















  • This variable is readonly and you can change it by switching user

    – Romeo Ninov
    Nov 22 '18 at 15:26











  • The weird thing is I am quite sure that I was able to change it, then I had probably messed up with something..

    – Riccardo Persiani
    Nov 22 '18 at 15:27











  • Do you see readonly USERNAME or declare -r USERNAME anywhere? Either of those would mark a variable as read-only.

    – telcoM
    Nov 22 '18 at 15:29






  • 1





    This is not a variable that is set by default on macOS. Are you setting it yourself somewhere?

    – Kusalananda
    Nov 22 '18 at 15:38






  • 2





    what does typeset -p USERNAME say?

    – mosvy
    Nov 22 '18 at 15:38

















This variable is readonly and you can change it by switching user

– Romeo Ninov
Nov 22 '18 at 15:26





This variable is readonly and you can change it by switching user

– Romeo Ninov
Nov 22 '18 at 15:26













The weird thing is I am quite sure that I was able to change it, then I had probably messed up with something..

– Riccardo Persiani
Nov 22 '18 at 15:27





The weird thing is I am quite sure that I was able to change it, then I had probably messed up with something..

– Riccardo Persiani
Nov 22 '18 at 15:27













Do you see readonly USERNAME or declare -r USERNAME anywhere? Either of those would mark a variable as read-only.

– telcoM
Nov 22 '18 at 15:29





Do you see readonly USERNAME or declare -r USERNAME anywhere? Either of those would mark a variable as read-only.

– telcoM
Nov 22 '18 at 15:29




1




1





This is not a variable that is set by default on macOS. Are you setting it yourself somewhere?

– Kusalananda
Nov 22 '18 at 15:38





This is not a variable that is set by default on macOS. Are you setting it yourself somewhere?

– Kusalananda
Nov 22 '18 at 15:38




2




2





what does typeset -p USERNAME say?

– mosvy
Nov 22 '18 at 15:38





what does typeset -p USERNAME say?

– mosvy
Nov 22 '18 at 15:38










1 Answer
1






active

oldest

votes


















12














The USERNAME shell variable is special in the Z shell.



It is always the account name of the user ID of the shell process.



You won't observe the behaviour that you observed in the Almquist, Watanabe, Korn, or Bourne Again shells. This variable is just an ordinary shell variable, that starts out unset, as far as they are concerned. Here's the 93 Korn shell, for example:



$ echo $USERNAME



$ USERNAME=wibble

$ echo $USERNAME

wibble

$


In the Z shell it starts out as the account name of the UID of the shell process. An attempt to set it will attempt to change that UID. This of course fails if you are not the superuser and leaves the variable back as it was before.



If you had run the Z shell as the superuser, however, you would have seen both the USERNAME shell variable and your shell process's user ID change.


root # echo $USERNAME

root

root # USERNAME=JdeBP

JdeBP %


Further reading




  • Paul Falstad et al. (2015-12-02). "Parameters Set By The Shell". Z Shell Manual. 5.2.






share|improve this answer
























  • Running as a superuser I am able to change the variable. Thank you

    – Riccardo Persiani
    Nov 22 '18 at 15:54








  • 2





    @RiccardoPersiani Ummm... switching to root is not a "solution". Why do you need to change the value of this variable?

    – Kusalananda
    Nov 22 '18 at 16:10











  • I agree. However, I also can change it, simply switching from zsh to bash.

    – Riccardo Persiani
    Nov 22 '18 at 16:34






  • 2





    Note that there can be more than one user name for a user id, zsh reports the one returned by getpwuid() so an arbitrary one (one could argue it should use logname() instead). Changing $USERNAME does a setuid(), but also setgid()/setgroups() with the groups mentioned in the user database as when you log in as that user name, that's different from setting $UID or $EUID for instance. So by doing a USERNAME=$USERNAME you might very well change the list of groups of the process if there are several usernames for the current uid with different group membership.

    – Stéphane Chazelas
    Nov 22 '18 at 17:50











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1 Answer
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active

oldest

votes








1 Answer
1






active

oldest

votes









active

oldest

votes






active

oldest

votes









12














The USERNAME shell variable is special in the Z shell.



It is always the account name of the user ID of the shell process.



You won't observe the behaviour that you observed in the Almquist, Watanabe, Korn, or Bourne Again shells. This variable is just an ordinary shell variable, that starts out unset, as far as they are concerned. Here's the 93 Korn shell, for example:



$ echo $USERNAME



$ USERNAME=wibble

$ echo $USERNAME

wibble

$


In the Z shell it starts out as the account name of the UID of the shell process. An attempt to set it will attempt to change that UID. This of course fails if you are not the superuser and leaves the variable back as it was before.



If you had run the Z shell as the superuser, however, you would have seen both the USERNAME shell variable and your shell process's user ID change.


root # echo $USERNAME

root

root # USERNAME=JdeBP

JdeBP %


Further reading




  • Paul Falstad et al. (2015-12-02). "Parameters Set By The Shell". Z Shell Manual. 5.2.






share|improve this answer
























  • Running as a superuser I am able to change the variable. Thank you

    – Riccardo Persiani
    Nov 22 '18 at 15:54








  • 2





    @RiccardoPersiani Ummm... switching to root is not a "solution". Why do you need to change the value of this variable?

    – Kusalananda
    Nov 22 '18 at 16:10











  • I agree. However, I also can change it, simply switching from zsh to bash.

    – Riccardo Persiani
    Nov 22 '18 at 16:34






  • 2





    Note that there can be more than one user name for a user id, zsh reports the one returned by getpwuid() so an arbitrary one (one could argue it should use logname() instead). Changing $USERNAME does a setuid(), but also setgid()/setgroups() with the groups mentioned in the user database as when you log in as that user name, that's different from setting $UID or $EUID for instance. So by doing a USERNAME=$USERNAME you might very well change the list of groups of the process if there are several usernames for the current uid with different group membership.

    – Stéphane Chazelas
    Nov 22 '18 at 17:50
















12














The USERNAME shell variable is special in the Z shell.



It is always the account name of the user ID of the shell process.



You won't observe the behaviour that you observed in the Almquist, Watanabe, Korn, or Bourne Again shells. This variable is just an ordinary shell variable, that starts out unset, as far as they are concerned. Here's the 93 Korn shell, for example:



$ echo $USERNAME



$ USERNAME=wibble

$ echo $USERNAME

wibble

$


In the Z shell it starts out as the account name of the UID of the shell process. An attempt to set it will attempt to change that UID. This of course fails if you are not the superuser and leaves the variable back as it was before.



If you had run the Z shell as the superuser, however, you would have seen both the USERNAME shell variable and your shell process's user ID change.


root # echo $USERNAME

root

root # USERNAME=JdeBP

JdeBP %


Further reading




  • Paul Falstad et al. (2015-12-02). "Parameters Set By The Shell". Z Shell Manual. 5.2.






share|improve this answer
























  • Running as a superuser I am able to change the variable. Thank you

    – Riccardo Persiani
    Nov 22 '18 at 15:54








  • 2





    @RiccardoPersiani Ummm... switching to root is not a "solution". Why do you need to change the value of this variable?

    – Kusalananda
    Nov 22 '18 at 16:10











  • I agree. However, I also can change it, simply switching from zsh to bash.

    – Riccardo Persiani
    Nov 22 '18 at 16:34






  • 2





    Note that there can be more than one user name for a user id, zsh reports the one returned by getpwuid() so an arbitrary one (one could argue it should use logname() instead). Changing $USERNAME does a setuid(), but also setgid()/setgroups() with the groups mentioned in the user database as when you log in as that user name, that's different from setting $UID or $EUID for instance. So by doing a USERNAME=$USERNAME you might very well change the list of groups of the process if there are several usernames for the current uid with different group membership.

    – Stéphane Chazelas
    Nov 22 '18 at 17:50














12












12








12







The USERNAME shell variable is special in the Z shell.



It is always the account name of the user ID of the shell process.



You won't observe the behaviour that you observed in the Almquist, Watanabe, Korn, or Bourne Again shells. This variable is just an ordinary shell variable, that starts out unset, as far as they are concerned. Here's the 93 Korn shell, for example:



$ echo $USERNAME



$ USERNAME=wibble

$ echo $USERNAME

wibble

$


In the Z shell it starts out as the account name of the UID of the shell process. An attempt to set it will attempt to change that UID. This of course fails if you are not the superuser and leaves the variable back as it was before.



If you had run the Z shell as the superuser, however, you would have seen both the USERNAME shell variable and your shell process's user ID change.


root # echo $USERNAME

root

root # USERNAME=JdeBP

JdeBP %


Further reading




  • Paul Falstad et al. (2015-12-02). "Parameters Set By The Shell". Z Shell Manual. 5.2.






share|improve this answer













The USERNAME shell variable is special in the Z shell.



It is always the account name of the user ID of the shell process.



You won't observe the behaviour that you observed in the Almquist, Watanabe, Korn, or Bourne Again shells. This variable is just an ordinary shell variable, that starts out unset, as far as they are concerned. Here's the 93 Korn shell, for example:



$ echo $USERNAME



$ USERNAME=wibble

$ echo $USERNAME

wibble

$


In the Z shell it starts out as the account name of the UID of the shell process. An attempt to set it will attempt to change that UID. This of course fails if you are not the superuser and leaves the variable back as it was before.



If you had run the Z shell as the superuser, however, you would have seen both the USERNAME shell variable and your shell process's user ID change.


root # echo $USERNAME

root

root # USERNAME=JdeBP

JdeBP %


Further reading




  • Paul Falstad et al. (2015-12-02). "Parameters Set By The Shell". Z Shell Manual. 5.2.







share|improve this answer












share|improve this answer



share|improve this answer










answered Nov 22 '18 at 15:47









JdeBPJdeBP

34.5k469163




34.5k469163













  • Running as a superuser I am able to change the variable. Thank you

    – Riccardo Persiani
    Nov 22 '18 at 15:54








  • 2





    @RiccardoPersiani Ummm... switching to root is not a "solution". Why do you need to change the value of this variable?

    – Kusalananda
    Nov 22 '18 at 16:10











  • I agree. However, I also can change it, simply switching from zsh to bash.

    – Riccardo Persiani
    Nov 22 '18 at 16:34






  • 2





    Note that there can be more than one user name for a user id, zsh reports the one returned by getpwuid() so an arbitrary one (one could argue it should use logname() instead). Changing $USERNAME does a setuid(), but also setgid()/setgroups() with the groups mentioned in the user database as when you log in as that user name, that's different from setting $UID or $EUID for instance. So by doing a USERNAME=$USERNAME you might very well change the list of groups of the process if there are several usernames for the current uid with different group membership.

    – Stéphane Chazelas
    Nov 22 '18 at 17:50



















  • Running as a superuser I am able to change the variable. Thank you

    – Riccardo Persiani
    Nov 22 '18 at 15:54








  • 2





    @RiccardoPersiani Ummm... switching to root is not a "solution". Why do you need to change the value of this variable?

    – Kusalananda
    Nov 22 '18 at 16:10











  • I agree. However, I also can change it, simply switching from zsh to bash.

    – Riccardo Persiani
    Nov 22 '18 at 16:34






  • 2





    Note that there can be more than one user name for a user id, zsh reports the one returned by getpwuid() so an arbitrary one (one could argue it should use logname() instead). Changing $USERNAME does a setuid(), but also setgid()/setgroups() with the groups mentioned in the user database as when you log in as that user name, that's different from setting $UID or $EUID for instance. So by doing a USERNAME=$USERNAME you might very well change the list of groups of the process if there are several usernames for the current uid with different group membership.

    – Stéphane Chazelas
    Nov 22 '18 at 17:50

















Running as a superuser I am able to change the variable. Thank you

– Riccardo Persiani
Nov 22 '18 at 15:54







Running as a superuser I am able to change the variable. Thank you

– Riccardo Persiani
Nov 22 '18 at 15:54






2




2





@RiccardoPersiani Ummm... switching to root is not a "solution". Why do you need to change the value of this variable?

– Kusalananda
Nov 22 '18 at 16:10





@RiccardoPersiani Ummm... switching to root is not a "solution". Why do you need to change the value of this variable?

– Kusalananda
Nov 22 '18 at 16:10













I agree. However, I also can change it, simply switching from zsh to bash.

– Riccardo Persiani
Nov 22 '18 at 16:34





I agree. However, I also can change it, simply switching from zsh to bash.

– Riccardo Persiani
Nov 22 '18 at 16:34




2




2





Note that there can be more than one user name for a user id, zsh reports the one returned by getpwuid() so an arbitrary one (one could argue it should use logname() instead). Changing $USERNAME does a setuid(), but also setgid()/setgroups() with the groups mentioned in the user database as when you log in as that user name, that's different from setting $UID or $EUID for instance. So by doing a USERNAME=$USERNAME you might very well change the list of groups of the process if there are several usernames for the current uid with different group membership.

– Stéphane Chazelas
Nov 22 '18 at 17:50





Note that there can be more than one user name for a user id, zsh reports the one returned by getpwuid() so an arbitrary one (one could argue it should use logname() instead). Changing $USERNAME does a setuid(), but also setgid()/setgroups() with the groups mentioned in the user database as when you log in as that user name, that's different from setting $UID or $EUID for instance. So by doing a USERNAME=$USERNAME you might very well change the list of groups of the process if there are several usernames for the current uid with different group membership.

– Stéphane Chazelas
Nov 22 '18 at 17:50


















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